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      使用 VBA 编辑器进行 Excel VBA 开发
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        <p>工欲善其事，必先利其器。对于 <a href="/study-excel/what-is-excel-vba/">Excel VBA 开发</a>来说，VBA 编辑器就是最核心的开发工具。可以说，Excel VBA 开发中的每一个步骤，几乎都在 VBA 编辑器中进行，包括编写、调试、测试、运行、代码组织等。</p>
<p>这篇文章我们主要介绍 VBA 编辑器基础部分，接下来学习 VBA 基础部分时，将会反复使用到。</p>
<p>建议你读这篇文章时，打开一个 Excel 工作簿，按照文章内容，自己“折腾折腾”，这是学习 VBA 最快的方法。</p>
<h2 id="打开-VBA-编辑器"><a href="#打开-VBA-编辑器" class="headerlink" title="打开 VBA 编辑器"></a>打开 VBA 编辑器</h2><p><strong>方法一，使用开发工具选项卡</strong>。点击开发工具选项卡<code>Visual Basic</code>命令。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_b3285eb47dfa01649a07873f6e4a9515.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>如何开启<strong>开发工具</strong>选项卡，<a href="/study-excel/open-developer-tab/">查看这篇文章</a>。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>方法二，工作表右键菜单</strong>。在任意工作表标签上方，右键，在弹出的选项列表中，选择「查看代码」。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_274d15260342839cfe73a5d0782549dd.png"></p>
<p>**方法二，使用<a href="/study-excel/basic-shortcuts-more-open-vbe/">快捷键 Alt + F11</a>**。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_ea60dcd8071b0fc89532789b7e420100.png"></p>
<h2 id="认识-VBA-编辑器"><a href="#认识-VBA-编辑器" class="headerlink" title="认识 VBA 编辑器"></a>认识 VBA 编辑器</h2><p>通过上述方法打开编辑器，将会看到如下界面。图中已标出编辑器每个模块的名称。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_81255e7c62560ea3e283b880c331b5f1.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p>编辑器中每个模块的基本用法如下：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>工具栏</strong>：编辑器命令栏，与 Excel 功能区域类似，包含 Excel VBA 开发相关的命令。</li>
<li><strong>VBA 工程</strong>：显示当前 VBA 工程包含的所有对象。通常，一个工作簿就是一个 VBA 工程，其中包括 Excel 对象、工作表对象、模块等。</li>
<li><strong>属性窗口</strong>：查看和设置选中对象的属性的窗口。</li>
<li><strong>代码编辑窗口</strong>：实际编写代码的位置。编写、修改、保存代码，都在这里进行。</li>
<li><strong>立即窗口</strong>：代码运行过程中，打印出的内容，在立即窗口中显示。一般用于调试代码。</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="管理-VBA-工程"><a href="#管理-VBA-工程" class="headerlink" title="管理 VBA 工程"></a>管理 VBA 工程</h2><p>通常，一个工作簿就是一个 VBA 工程，其中包括 Excel 对象、工作表对象、模块等。当多个工作簿同时打开时，他们公用同一个 VBA 编辑器，VBA 工程界面显示所有的 VBA 工程。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_ea9c516ec26188f55e668a526ea4ce73.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h3 id="插入-x2F-删除模块"><a href="#插入-x2F-删除模块" class="headerlink" title="插入&#x2F;删除模块"></a>插入&#x2F;删除模块</h3><p>在一个 VBA 工程中想要插入新的模块时，可在 VBA 工程右键，选择插入类型即可。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_7f838f0777eea58c171efe6866a2c2c2.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p>要删除模块，选中模块，右键，选择「移除 模块」</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_970c977e645f380637107e11b408f9ec.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h3 id="修改对象-x2F-模块属性"><a href="#修改对象-x2F-模块属性" class="headerlink" title="修改对象&#x2F;模块属性"></a>修改对象&#x2F;模块属性</h3><p>当点击 VBA 工程界面中任意一个 Excel 对象或模块时，在下方的属性窗口显示选中对象的各项属性信息。其中左侧是属性名，右侧是属性值，在这里可以直接手动修改属性值。</p>
<p>以下为一个 Excel 工作表对象的属性窗口。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_407203a4284968c8bad2ac4f434e4587.png"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>提示：在之前分享的「<a href="/study-excel/deep-hide-sheet-tip/">如何深隐藏工作表</a>」教程中，正是使用工作表属性窗口，修改<code>Visible</code>属性来达到深隐藏的效果。点击这里查看该教程。</p>
</blockquote>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="运行-VBA-代码"><a href="#运行-VBA-代码" class="headerlink" title="运行 VBA 代码"></a>运行 VBA 代码</h2><p>编辑器中运行 VBA 代码，可能是执行最频繁的操作了。在开发过程中，每更新一次代码，可能需要运行，看一下其结果是否正确。</p>
<p>现在在模块1中有以下一段代码（如何写 VBA 代码，将在下一篇中介绍）：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Sub MyCode()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    Sheet1.Range(&quot;A1&quot;) = &quot;Hello World&quot;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">End Sub</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>代码的作用是，在 Sheet1 工作表 A1 单元格，写入 “Hello World” 内容。</p>
<p>在编辑器中运行 VBA 代码，有以下 3 种方法：</p>
<h3 id="1-使用工具栏命令"><a href="#1-使用工具栏命令" class="headerlink" title="1.使用工具栏命令"></a>1.使用工具栏命令</h3><p>首选，将光标放置在要运行的代码的任意一处，再在工具栏选择「运行」→「运行子过程&#x2F;用户窗体」命令。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_112ba2306b5a05baf8baf1c21a807c0a.png"></p>
<h3 id="2-使用快捷工具栏命令"><a href="#2-使用快捷工具栏命令" class="headerlink" title="2.使用快捷工具栏命令"></a>2.使用快捷工具栏命令</h3><p>首选，将光标放置在要运行的代码的任意一处，再点击快捷工具栏「▶ 」按钮。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_63cc9f153eef5f8fbc938fd4def6690b.png"></p>
<h3 id="3-使用快捷键-F5"><a href="#3-使用快捷键-F5" class="headerlink" title="3.使用快捷键 F5"></a>3.使用快捷键 F5</h3><p>首选，将光标放置在要运行的代码的任意一处，再使用快捷键 F5，即可运行代码。</p>
<p> </p>
<p>按方法2运行代码效果如下：</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_a50005aaa68a66acf195689db2ea0516.gif"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>以上就是 VBA 编辑器的基础使用方法，建议你按照本教程内容，自己动手操作一遍。动手操作，好于看100遍教程。关于 VBA 编辑器的更多内容和教程，将专门用一章介绍。目前阶段，掌握上述基础部分，满足接下来的 VBA 学习要求。</p>
<p> </p>

      
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